I have been attempting to understand the arguments of those who oppose homosexual marriage- a daunting task. This is one of the theories that has been floated here on PF : The State uses Marriage as tool to ensure that more children are born into married homes, because marriage provides legal protection for children, and reduces the number of children being raised by a single parent. The accompanying argument is that allowing marriage between same gender/homosexual couples does not advance this state goal, and that is why the State has motivation to not provide the tool of Marriage to same gender/homosexual couples. This claim is ridiculous. How ridiculous is the claim? i will explore this in two parts. Both of which will be ignored by those who oppose same sex marriage. Of the three State's whose marriage laws against gay marriage have been overturned that I have read the decisions on- none of the States make this argument. Lets first look at the court case in Wisconsin The question in this case is not whether the state is required to issue marriage licences as a general matter, but whether it may discriminate against same-sex couples in doing so. Even in cases in which an individual does not have a substantive right to a particular benefit or privilege, once the state extends that benefit to some of its citizens, it is not free to deny the benefit to other citizens for any or no reason on the ground that a positive right is at issue. In fact, under the equal protection clause, the right to equal treatment . . . is not co-extensive with any substantive rights to the benefits denied the party discriminated against. Therefore, [t]he State may not . . . selectively deny its protective services to certain disfavored minorities without violating the Equal Protection Clause. DeShaney, 489 U.S. at 197 n.3. .....defendants do not explain why marriage is a positive right when the state discriminates on the basis of sexual orientation, but a negative right when it discriminates on the basis of race, custody or financial status Wisconsin did argue that marriage was linked to procreation- which is not the argument about the burden of single parentage. I am not persuaded by amicis argument that marriages link to procreation is the sole reason that the Supreme Court has concluded that marriage is protected by the Constitution. Although several courts have adopted that view, e.g., Dean v. District of Columbia, 653 A.2d 307, 332 (D.C. 1995); Baehr, 852 P.2d at 56, I believe tat it is misguided. First, gay persons have the same ability to procreate as anyone else and same-sex couples often raise children together, so there is no reason why a link between marriage and procreation should disqualify same-sex couples. and notes- regarding the case of Turner- in which the Court decided that inmates in prison had a right to marriage. Turner makes it clear that the Court views marriage as serving a variety of important purposes for the couple involved, which may or may not include procreation, and that it is ultimately for the couple to decide what marriage means to them. Skipping down to the State's arguments: Defendants andamici rely on several interests in their briefs: (1) preserving tradition; (2) encouragingprocreation generally and responsible procreation in particular; This last one is the closest the defendants come to arguing about the burdens of single parenting- with the court noting: A more recent twist on this argument is that marriage is needed to help opposite-sex couples procreate responsibly, but same-sex couples do not have the same need. The court goes on: One problem with the procreation rationale is that defendants do not identify any reason why denying marriage to same-sex couples will encourage opposite-sex couples to have children, either responsibly or irresponsibly. Geiger, 2014 WL 2054264, at *13; Bishop, 962 F. Supp. 2d. at 1291. Defendants say that this argument misses the point because [t]he focus under rational-basis review is whether the challenged statute rationally supports a State interest, not whether expanding the class of beneficiaries to marriage would harm the States interest. Dfts. Br., dkt. #102, at 65-66 (citing Johnson v. Robison, 415 U.S. 361, 383 (1974) (classification will be upheld under rational basis review if the inclusion of one group promotes a legitimate governmental purpose, and the addition of other groups would not)). In other words, defendants seem to concede that they have no reason to believe that marriage between same-sex couples will have an adverse effect on procreation between marriage between same-sex couples will have an adverse effect on procreation between opposite-sex couples; however, preferential treatment for opposite-sex couples is permissible because they need marriage to better insure that they will stay together after procreation and same-sex couples do not need such assistance because they do not procreate accidentally. The court addresses that Treating such a fundamental right as just another government benefit that can be offered or withheld at the whim of the state is an indicator either that defendants fail to appreciate the implications for equal citizenship that the right to marry has or that they do not see same-sex couples as equal citizens And in one of my favorite parts of the Wisconsin decision, the judge notes that Wisconsin does not require heterosexuals to prove that they can reproduce in order to get married- Wisconsin requires first cousins to prove that they cannot reproduce before they are allowed to be married. IF the States goal is to reduce the number of single parents raising their children with no support from another parent- and marriage is the tool that the State uses- and that is why that tool should not be given to homosexuals- Why then does the state give that tool expressly to sterile heterosexuals? Where is the justification to exclude same gender couples on the grounds that they will never contribute to the issue of single parenting- while at the same time having a specific provision in the Marriage law that requires some heterosexual couples not to be able to become parents- single or otherwise- before they get married? The rest will have to wait until later- got other things to do. But I am enjoying this 'debate'